Udayagiri Cutlery – Hand Carved Wooden Serveware

Udayagiri – The Cutlery of Nawabs

Udayagiri wooden cutlery is a remarkable wood-carving tradition that originated in the historic town of Udayagiri in Andhra Pradesh’s Nellore district. Believed to date back to the 14th century, this craft transforms everyday dining objects into pieces of intricate artistry. Wooden spoons, forks, knives and bowls from Udayagiri are distinguished by their delicate hand-carved patterns, making them both beautiful and functional additions to the table.

Part of the rich heritage of South India crafts, Udayagiri cutlery reflects how traditional craftsmanship can elevate simple household objects into works of design. Once patronised by royalty and nobility, the craft flourished during the 19th century and earned the affectionate reputation of being the “cutlery of Nawabs.” Artistic, aristocratic and utilitarian in equal measure, these wooden pieces demonstrate how creativity can transform everyday dining into a refined cultural experience.

Today the eco-friendly and handcrafted nature of these products has renewed interest in the craft. Udayagiri cutlery is increasingly appreciated as unique dining accessories, thoughtful housewarming gifts, festive gifts during Diwali, and meaningful souvenirs that celebrate India’s craft heritage.

History and Origins

The earliest documented history of Udayagiri town dates back to the 14th century when it was ruled by the Gajapati rulers of Odisha. Languja Gajapati, a chieftain of the dynasty, is believed to have commissioned the construction of the historic Udayagiri Fort. Over time the region passed into the hands of the Vijayanagara Empire and later came under the rule of the Nawabs of Arcot, who governed the area until the 19th century.

It was during the period of the nawabs and jagirs that Udayagiri wooden cutlery gained widespread recognition. Persian-influenced patterns and motifs began appearing in the carved designs, lending the pieces a distinctive aesthetic that blended local craftsmanship with royal tastes. Skilled artisans used soft wood sourced from nearby forests to create beautifully carved cutlery and serveware using simple hand tools.

Crafting Udayagiri Cutlery

The forests of the nearby Durgam Palli hills play a central role in sustaining this craft tradition. Artisans source soft woods such as nardi, deodari, bikki chakka, kaldi chakka and palabarki, each selected according to the type of object being created. Softer woods like nardi and bikki chakka are ideal for smaller cutlery pieces, while sturdier woods are used for bowls and larger serving utensils.

After careful selection, the wooden blocks are stored in dry conditions for several days, then soaked in water and redried to stabilise the material. This process, which can take several weeks, prepares the wood for carving. A traditional preparation technique involves tightly winding the smaller wooden blocks with jute string and placing a heavy stone on top. This removes residual moisture and softens the wood, making it easier to carve.

Artisans first mark the outline of the cutlery piece before shaping it with chisels. Because the wood is soft, this step requires great precision and skill. Once the basic form is created, intricate decorative patterns are carved using simple tools such as chisels, files, drills and nails. Popular motifs include Amini, Khajuri, Kangura and Dargah ki Jaali, each adding character and elegance to the finished piece. Delicate pieces are carefully finished with files, while larger items receive a smooth paper finish.

Artisans and Living Craft Traditions

Udayagiri cutlery making has traditionally been a generational craft, with skills passed down through families over centuries. While some artisans have moved away from the profession over time, many continue to practice and teach the craft, ensuring that the tradition survives.

Once a predominantly male occupation, the craft today also includes women artisans who actively participate in carving and finishing the pieces. Their continued efforts, along with support from organisations and craft platforms, are helping bring renewed visibility to the craft.

By working closely with artisans at the grassroots level, Tvami helps bring these handcrafted creations to a wider audience, enabling the craft to reach new homes while preserving one of the distinctive traditions within Indian handicrafts.